of the Southwestern Deserts
Various Apache peoples (including the Navajo) came from the Far North to settle the Plains and Southwest after AD 1000 in three desert regions (Great Basin, Sonoran and Chihuahuan). The word Apache is most likely derived by the Spanish from a Zuni word meaning "enemy."
Subsequently, many groups of Southwest peoples were labeled "Apache," resulting in a considerable array (40+) of "Apache" groups, often with tragic consequences. The various groups usually hunted and gathered in the more mountainous regions, but also practiced some gardening or trade for cultivated plant products (CBS).
Today, the major Apache groups include the Jicarilla (New Mexico), the Mescalero (New Mexico) and Western Apache (Arizona. 15 reservations). The Chiricahua Apache were removed from their own reservation in 1876 and sent to prison in 1886. Subsequently, some Chiricahua relocated to Oklahoma and some joined the Mescalero Apache in southern New Mexico.
Today, Apache groups have been very successful in ranching and recreational facilities; especially ski resorts in some of their beautiful mountain areas.
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